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SCHEMA SUL FONDO PATRIMONIALE
LA FAMIGLIA DIR PRIVATO
LA NATURA GIURIDICA DEL FONDO PATRIMONIALE
. La natura giuridica del fondo patrimoniale . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.1.1. Fondo o vincolo?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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La costituzione del fondo e i versamenti successivi.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Il fondo atipico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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2. La natura giuridica dell’atto di destinazione. . . . . . . . .
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. La causa complessa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.. Contratto a titolo oneroso. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. Il fondamento della gratuità . . . . . . . . . . . .
. L’accostamento alla fondazione . . . . . . . . . .
. Riferimenti giurisprudenziali di legittimità . . .
. Le sentenze 107/90 e 11449/90 della Cassazione.
LA COSTITUZIONE
. La costituzione del fondo patrimoniale . . . . . . . La forma: negozi inter vivos e negozi mortis causa. . . . .
. Atto Pubblico. . . . . Il pubblico ufficiale rogante. . . La forma degli atti di attribuzione: le varie teorie
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.. Testamento . . . 1. L’intervento del pubblico ministero . . . . La volontaria giurisdizione . Precetto, omissione e conseguenze . . . .. Limitazioni alla destinazione. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I RAPPORTI CON ISTITUTI DIVERSI
I rapporti con istituti diversi . . . . . . . . . La successione. .. . . . Riduzione e Collazione. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 La sostituzione fedecommissaria . . . . .. Il fallimento: cenni e rinvio . . . . . L’azione revocatoria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . La dote . . . . . 11449/90 della Cassazione
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L’oggetto del fondo patrimoniale . .beni immobili . . . . . Le prescrizioni urbanistiche: edifici . . . . . . 1. I terreni . . . .1. Il testo unico dell’edilizia e la legge Lunardi . . .. Le menzioni fiscali. . . .. Violazione della norma urbanistica: conseguenze. Il contratto preliminare .. I mobili iscritti in pubblici registri. . L’art. 2915 cod. civ. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.__________________ _____________________________________________________________________________-
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________5. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________L’AMMINISTRAZIONE E LA DISPOSIZIONE DEI BENI DEL FONDO
. Introduzione . . . . . . . . .. Generalità: la disciplina previgente . . . . . . . Il rinvio alla disciplina della comunione legale . . . . . .
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. La gestione comune . .. La tipologia degli atti di amministrazione . . . . . . . . . . 2
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. L’ordinaria amministrazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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I terzi contraenti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. La straordinaria amministrazione. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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. Contrasto tra coniugi ed intervento giudiziale . . . . . . Procedimento e competenza . . . . . . . . . . . Il rapporto tra la disciplina del fondo e quella della
comunione legale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________. . . Deroga all’amministrazione congiunta . . . . . .
. I presupposti dell’autorizzazione. .
.. Il reimpiego e gli effetti verso i terzi . . . .. L’utilizzo dei frutti: norme di amministrazione.
. La natura del vincolo sui frutti. .
. La donazione . . .
L’ ESECUZIONE E LA GARANZIA PATRIMONIALE
1. Generalità: contemperamento dei bisogni della famiglia e
tutela dei creditori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________7..
La causa del credito .
. . .. La fonte dell’obbligazione: i debiti nascenti da fatto
illecito. . ..1. I crediti dell’Erario . . 1. Limiti soggettivi all’azione esecutiva. . . . . . L’onere probatorio e le modalità di paralizzazione dell’azione esecutiva. . . . Limiti oggettivi: i bisogni della famiglia . . .. Le spese per l’attività imprenditoriale dei coniugi.
. Gli atti compiuti dai coniugi in violazione delle regole di amministrazione. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Il beneficium excussionis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________.
. La tutela dei creditori . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________. . . .. Il momento di creazione del vincolo, con riferimento
ai crediti sorti anteriormente . . . . . .
. Le garanzie reali e i privilegi .
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. I meccanismi di tutela del credito. . . . . . . . . . La revocatoria ordinaria . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________ . Gli atti di disposizione ai sensi dell’art. 2901 codice civile . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. L’oggetto della garanzia patrimoniale sotto il profilo temporale . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________7.. La data di insorgenza del credito . . . . . . . . .+
L’importanza della natura dell’atto. . . . . . . . Il pregiudizio. . . . . . Il consilium fraudis . 1. La simulazione e l’actio nullitatis . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________7
Un caso di simulazione relativa . . . . . . . . .
. L’actio nullitatis: il contratto in frode alla legge.
. L’abuso . . . . . . . . . . . .. L’illiceità della causa . . . .. L’illiceità del motivo . . . La meritevolezza e la causa concreta.. .
I RAPPORTI CON IL FALLIMENTO
. Verifica dell’opponibilità in genere . . . . . . . .
L’ art. 46 della legge fallimentare: il patrimonio familiare. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La tesi dottrinale prevalente . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La massa separata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. L’apprensione dei beni. . . . . . La giurisprudenza . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La critica della massa separata . . . L’art. 64 legge fallimentare: la revocatoria . . . . . . . . . .
. La natura dell’atto costitutivo di fondo patrimoniale: _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
la Cassazione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La giurisprudenza di merito . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. Critica della tesi dominante . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
1. Atti a titolo gratuito e atti di liberalità . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________8. La definizione di atto a titolo gratuito ai sensi dell’art. 64 l. fall.: atto dispositivo ed effetto pregiudizievole per i creditori concorsuali . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. L’adempimento di un dovere morale. . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La giurisprudenza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
La valutazione delle circostanze di fatto . . . . . La tesi negativa. . . . . .1. La proporzionalità. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . La nostra opinione . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Art. 67 l.f.: gli atti attributivi o costitutivi del fondo a titolo oneroso . . . . . . . Altri mezzi di tutela dei creditori. La revocatoria ordinaria:
cenni e rinvio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. Legittimazione attiva e passiva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. Il coniuge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I figli . . . . . . . . . . . Il fallimento dell’impresa familiare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LA CESSAZIONE DEL FONDO
Introduzion_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. Confronto con la disciplina previgente . . . . . . Le cause tipiche di scioglimento . .. L’annullamento del matrimonio . . . . . La giurisprudenza . . . . . . . . La cessazione degli effetti civili . .. Lo scioglimento del matrimonio . . . . . . . La separazione dei coniugi . .
. L’ammissibilità di cause di cessazione convenzionali-atipiche. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
La posizione della giurisprudenza più conservatrice.
. .. La tesi più moderna e permissiva: dottrina e giurisprudenza . . . . . .. Esaurimento dell’oggetto e scioglimento
volontario . . .. Differenza tra modifica, scioglimento consensuale ed esaurimento dell’oggetto . . . L’estinzione per esaurimento dell’oggetto del fondo . . . . . . .
. Lo scioglimento per effetto di un negozio risolutivo. . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La mala gestio del coniuge: può essere causa di
scioglimento del fondo? . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________9.. Limiti all’autonomia privata: i figli minori e i
creditori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. La presenza di figli minori: influenza sull’estinzione del
fondo . . . . . . . . . .
Interpretazione dell’art. 171 co. II c.c. . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________9.. La ratio e l’oggetto della tutela. . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________9.. Continuazione del fondo e diritti successori sul patrimonio del coniuge deceduto . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________9.. L’amministrazione . . La competenza e il procedimento . . . . Il terzo comma: ambito di operatività. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________. .
. Interpretazione letterale e sistematica della norma. . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. La natura del provvedimento attributivo . . . . Il quarto comma . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________ . . . La trasformazione del patrimonio familiare in fondo
patrimoniale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La Pubblicità dello scioglimento: cenni e rinvio . . . . . .
. La competenza in caso di scioglimento volontario. . . . .
IL REGIME PUBBLICITARIO
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La disciplina previgente. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La riforma del diritto di famiglia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. La natura del fondo patrimoniale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
Il problema di coordinamento tra gli articoli 162, 163 e 2647 del codice civile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La pubblicità in generale . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. La pubblicità notizia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . La pubblicità dichiarativa . . La pubblicità costitutiva e la pubblicità di fatto. . La pubblicità sanante. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. La teoria dell’ efficacia dichiarativa della trascrizione in materia di convenzioni matrimoniali. . . .
. La giurisprudenza di legittimità: Cassazione civile,sez. I, 22 gennaio 1986, n. 397. . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
Alcune decisioni di merito . . . . . L’alternatività delle due forme di pubblicità . . 1. La teoria che riconosce ai due strumenti pubblicitari la medesima funzione dichiarativa, macon ambiti diversi di efficacia.
. La teoria dell’efficacia costitutiva dell’annotazione a margine dell’atto di matrimonio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
La teoria che degrada la trascrizione nei registri immobiliari
a pubblicità-notizia: la dottrina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
La giurisprudenza di legittimità: Cassazione civile,
sez. I, 27 novembre 1987, n. 8824 . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
La giurisprudenza di merito . . . . . L’intervento della Corte Costituzionale: sentenza
6 aprile 1995, n. 111 . . . . . . . . . . . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________
. La giurisprudenza di legittimità successiva: Cassazione civile, sez. I, 19 novembre 1999, n. 12864 e Cassazione civile, sez. I, 1o ottobre 1999, n. 10859 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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